Hindi Syllabus UPSC Mains Examination

Hindi Syllabus Paper – I

Answers must be written in Hindi.

Section-A

History of Hindi Language and Nagari Lipi →

1. Grammatical and applied forms of Apbhransh, Awahatta & Arambhik Hindi.
2. Development of Braj and Awadhi as literary language during medieval period.

III. Early form of Khari-boli in Siddha-Nath Sahitya, Khusero, Sant Sahitaya, Rahim etc. and Dakhni Hindi.

1. Development of Khari-boli and Nagari Lipi during 19th Century.
2. Standardisation of Hindi Bhasha & Nagari Lipi.
3. Development of Hindi as national Language during freedom movement.

VII. The development of Hindi as a National Language of Union of India.

VIII. Scientific & Technical development of Hindi Language.

1. Prominent dialects of Hindi and their inter relationship.
2. Salient features of Nagari Lipi and the efforts for its reform & Standard form of Hindi.
3. Grammatical structure of Standard Hindi.

Section-B

History of Hindi Literature →

1. The relevance and importance of Hindi literature and tradition of writing History of Hindi Literature.
2. Literary trends of the following four periods of history of Hindi Literature.

A → Adikal-Sidh, Nath and Raso Sahitya. Prominent poets-Chandvardai, Khusaro, Hemchandra, Vidyapati.

B → Bhaktikal-Sant Kavyadhara, Sufi Kavyadhara, Krishna Bhaktidhara and Ram Bhaktidhara. Prominent Poets-Kabir, Jayasi, Sur & Tulsi.

C→ Ritikal-Ritikavya, Ritibaddhakavya & Riti Mukta Kavya. Prominent Poets-Keshav, Bihari, Padmakar and Ghananand.

D → Adhunik Kal

1. Renaissance, the development of Prose, Bharatendu Mandal.
2. Prominent Writers → Bharatendu, Bal Krishna Bhatt & Pratap Narain Mishra.
3. Prominent trends of modern Hindi Poetry → Chhayavad, Pragativad, Proyogvad, Nai Kavita, Navgeet and Contemporary poetry and Janvadi Kavita.
4. Prominent Poets → Maithili Sharan Gupta, Prasad, Nirala, Mahadevi, Dinkar, Agyeya, Muktibodh, Nagarjun.

III. Katha Sahitya

1. Upanyas & Realism
2. The origin and development of Hindi Novels.
3. Prominent Novelists → Premchand, Jainendra, Yashpal, Renu and Bhism Sahani.
4. The origin and development of Hindi short story.
5. Prominent short Story Writers → Premchand, Prasad, Agyeya, Mohan Rakesh & Krishna Shobti.
6. Drama & Theatre
7. The origin & Development of Hindi Drama.
8. Prominent Dramatists → Bharatendu, Prasad, Jagdish Chandra Mathur, Ram Kumar Verma, Mohan Rakesh.
9. The development of Hindi Theature.
10. Criticism

A → The origin and development of Hindi criticism → Saiddhantik, Vyavharik, Pragativadi, Manovishleshanvadi & Nai Alochana.

B → Prominent critics → Ramchandra Shukla, Hajari Prasad Dwivedi, Ram Vilas Sharma & Nagendra.

1. The other forms of Hindi prose-Lalit Nibandh, Rekhachitra, Sansmaran, Yatra-vrittant.

Hindi Syllabus Paper – II

Answers must be written in Hindi.

This paper will require first hand reading of prescribed texts and will test the critical ability of the candidates.

Section-A

1. Kabir → Kabir Granthawali, Ed, Shyam Sundar Das (First hundred Sakhis.)
2. Surdas → Bhramar Gitsar, Ed. Ramchandra Shukla (First hundred Padas)
3. Tulsidas → Ramchrit Manas (Sundar Kand) Kavitawali (Uttar Kand).
4. Jayasi → Padmawat Ed. Shyam Sundar Das (Sinhal Dwip Khand & Nagmativiyog Khand)
5. Bihari → Bihari Ratnakar Ed. Jagnnath Prasad Ratnakar (First 100 Dohas)
6. Maithili Sharan Gupta → Bharat Bharati
7. Prasad → Kamayani (Chinta and Sharddha Sarg)
8. Nirala → Rag-Virag, Ed. Ram Vilas Sharma (Ram Ki Shakti Puja & Kukurmutta).
9. Dinkar → Kurushetra
10. Agyeya → Angan Ke Par Dwar (Asadhya Vina)
11. Muktiboth → Brahma Rakshas
12. Nagarjun → Badal Ko Ghirte Dekha Hai, Akal Ke Bad, Harijan Gatha.

Section-B

1. Bharatendu → Bharat Durdasha
2. Mohan Rakesh → Ashad Ka Ek Din
3. Ramchandra Shukla → Chintamani (Part I) (Kavita Kya Hai] Shraddha Aur Bhakti)
4. Dr. Satyendra → Nibandh Nilaya-Bal Krishna Bhatt, Premchand, Gulab Rai, Hajari Prasad Dwivedi, Ram Vilas Sharma, Agyeya, Kuber Nath Rai.
5. Premchand → Godan, Premchand ki Sarvashreshtha Kahaniyan, Ed. Amrit Rai, Manjusha – Premchand ki Sarvashreshtha Kahaniyan, Ed. Amrit Rai
6. Prasad → Skandgupta
7. Yashpal → Divya
8. Phaniswar Nath Renu → Maila Anchal
9. Mannu Bhandari → Mahabhoj
10. Rajendra Yadav → Ek Dunia Samanantar (All Stories)