IAS MANIA FAVICON

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Hello Aspirants!! Iasmania.com is a humble effort to provide good quality short & sharp notes to future aspirants, as its tough to collect the useful stuff from tonnes of websites. It’s a step to spread quality education, filtered from tonnes of useless stuff that we come across while reading various books, coaching stuff & online platforms.
Non Respiratory System

Non Respiratory Functions

Non Respiratory Functions Lung defense mechanisms Airways epithelial cells can secrete a variety of molecules that aid in lung defense. Secretory immunoglobulins (IgA), collections (including Surfactant A and D), defensins…
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The Respiratory System

The Respiratory System

The Respiratory System The Respiratory System is the anatomical system of an organism that introduced respiratory gases to the interior and performs gas exchange. In humans and other mammals, the…
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Other Nutrients

Other Nutrients

Other Nutrients Other micronutrients include antioxidants and phytochemicals. These substances are generally more recent discoveries that have not yet been recognized as vitamins or as required. Phytochemicals may act as…
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Water

Water

Water Water is excreted from the body in multiple forms; including urine and feces, sweating and by water vapour in the exhaled breath. Therefore, it is necessary to adequately rehydrate…
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Vitamins

Vitamins As with the minerals discussed above, some vitamins are recognized as essential nutrients, necessary in the diet for good health. (Vitamin D is the exception: it can be synthesized…
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Minerals

Minerals

Minerals Dietary minerals are the chemical elements required by living organisms, other than the four elements carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen that are present in nearly all organic molecules. The…
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Protein

Protein Proteins are the basis of many animal body structures (e.g. muscles, skin and hair). They also form the enzymes that control chemical reaction throughout the body. Each molecule is…
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Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates Carbohydrates may be classified as monosaccharides, or polysaccharides depending on the number of monomer (sugar) units they contain. They constitute a large part of foods such as rice, noodles,…
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Nutrients

Nutrients

Nutrients There are six major classes of nutrients: Carbohydrates, Fats, Minerals, Protein, Vitamins and Water. These nutrient classes can be categorized as either macronutrients (needed in relatively large amounts) or…
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Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis Photosynthesis is a chemical process that converts carbon dioxide into organic compounds, especially sugars, using the energy from sunlight. Photosynthesis occurs in plants, algae and many species of bacteria,…
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Autotrophs & Heterotrophs

Autotrophs & Heterotrophs

Autotrophs & Heterotrophs The biotic or the living components of the ecosystem are divided into two categories Autotroph and Heterotroph. Let us read about them in detail. Autotrophs Autotrophs are those organisms…
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